1. Which one of the following articles is related to ‘Fundamental Rights to Equality’?
(A) Article 23
(B) Article 24
(C) Article 38
(D) Article 14
Answer: (D)
2. Which one of the following is NOT a traditional anthropological approach?
(A) Evolutionism
(B) Functionalism
(C) Impressionism
(D) Diffusionism
Answer: (C)
3. Who is the author of the book ‘Man and His Work’?
(A) Alfred Kroeber
(B) Edmund Leach
(C) M.J. Herskovits
(D) Meyer Fortes
Answer: (C)
4. A ‘model of ritual symbolism’ was developed by
(A) Victor Turner
(B) E. Evans-Pritchard
(C) Clifford Geertz
(D) Rafael Karsten
Answer: (A)
5. A vision of society as constituting ‘Collective Consciousness’ is held by:
(A) Claude Levi-Strauss
(B) Marcel Mauss
(C) Bronislaw Malinowski
(D) Emile Durkheim
Answer: (D)
6. What is the term for the nuclear family that is formed when a person marries and has children?
(A) Family of orientation
(B) Family of procreation
(C) Family of parents
(D) None of the above
Answer: (B)
7. Which one of the following is not studied in the field of finger ball dermatoglyphics?
(A) Ridge counting
(B) Ridge tracing
(C) Main-line formula
(D) Finger ball patterns
Answer: (C)
8. The term “Handy man” was used for:
(A) Neanderthal man
(B) Homo habilis
(C) Australopithecus
(D) Peking man
Answer: (B)
9. Haemophilia is a:
(A) Autosomal recessive trait
(B) Autosomal dominant trait
(C) Sex-linked dominant trait
(D) Sex-linked recessive trait
Answer: (D)
10. Adaptive radiation is an example of:
(A) Convergent evolution
(B) Divergent evolution
(C) Co-evolution
(D) Parallel evolution
Answer: (B)
11. Which one of the following is correctly matched?
(A) Bipedalism and Erect posture – Apes
(B) Mitosis – Reduction division
(C) Sutton – Independent assortment
(D) Blood groups – Multiple alleles
Answer: (D)
12. A condition of reduced oxygen supply to tissues despite adequate blood supply is known as:
(A) Anemia
(B) Hypoxia
(C) Obesity
(D) Anorexia
Answer: (B)
13. The Indian Chalcolithic culture is characterized by the occurrence of:
(A) Stone Tools
(B) Bronze Tools
(C) Copper Tools
(D) Iron Tools
Answer: (C)
14. In which one of the following sites the remains of Narmadapithecus are discovered?
(A) Nevasa
(B) Hathnova
(C) Hunsigi
(D) Navadatoli
Answer: (B)
15. The book entitled “The Prehistory and the Protohistory of India and Pakistan” was authored by:
(A) Virendranath Mishra
(B) Bendapudi Subba Rao
(C) Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia
(D) Robert Bruce Foote
Answer: (C)
16. Which of the following are concerned with mental health?
I. Juvenile delinquency
II. Kuru
III. Drug addiction
IV. Infectious disease
Codes:
(A) I, II and IV
(B) II and III
(C) I, III and IV
(D) I and III
Answer: (B)
17. The principle of social stratification is reflected in the formation of:
I. Ethnic group
II. Class
III. Clan
IV. Caste
Codes:
(A) I, II and III are correct.
(B) I and II are correct.
(C) II and IV are correct.
(D) II and III are correct.
Answer: (C)
18. Who among the following are associated with the culture and personality school?
(i) A. Kardiner
(ii) R. Linton
(iii) Cora Dubois
(iv) William Sanders
Codes:
(A) (i) and (iv) are correct.
(B) (ii) and ü (iv) are correct.www.netugc.com
(C) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct.
(D) (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct.
Answer: (C)
19. Which of the following are the components of ‘Sacred Complex’ as proposed by L.P. Vidyarthi?
(i) Sacred Texts
(ii) Sacred Geography
(iii) Sacred Performances
(iv) Sacred Specialists
Codes:
(A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct.
(B) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct.
(C) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct.
(D) (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct.
Answer: (D)
20. Who among the following are considered as the weaker sections of the Indian society?
(i) Women
(ii) Scheduled Tribes
(iii) Men
(iv) Scheduled Castes
Codes:
(A) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct.
(B) (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct.
(C) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct.
(D) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct.
Answer: (D)
21. Which of the following are the primary roles of a corporate group?
I. As a caparcenary unit
II. As a residential unit
III. As a consanguineal kin group
IV. As a production unit
Codes:
(A) I, and II are correct.
(B) I, II and III are correct.
(C) I, II and IV are correct.
(D) III and IV are correct.
Answer: (C)
22. Which one of the following is not correct?
(A) Mutations cause genetic variation.
(B) Most of the populations are able to maintain a common gene pool.
(C) Genetic drift is also known as sewell-wright effect.
(D) Assortative mating means selection of similar phenotypes.
Answer: (B)
23. ‘Secular trend in growth’ means:
(A) Children are growing taller and age at menarche is decreasing.
(B) Age at menarche is increasing and children are growing taller.
(C) Children are getting shorter and age at menarche increasing.
(D) Children are getting shorter and age at menarche decreasing.
Answer: (A)
24. Which one of the following is an incorrect match?
Genotype of parents Possible blood group of children
(A) IAIA × IoIo – A
(B) IAIB × IAIB – A, B or AB
(C) IoIo × IoIo – O
(D) IAIo × IAIB – A, B or O
Answer: (D)
25. The term ‘anthropoid’ refers to a unit of classification that includes:
(A) Monkeys & apes but not human
(B) Apes & humans but not monkeys
(C) Monkeys, apes and humans
(D) Lemurs, Lorises, monkeys, apes & humans
Answer: (C)
26. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(A) Brachiation – Gibbon
(B) Balanced Polymorphism – Sickle cell anemia
(C) Colourblindness – Holandric inheriance
(D) Non-disjunction – Abnormal number of chromosomes
Answer: (C)
27. Australopithecines include:
(A) Gracile forms of Australopithecus
(B) Robust forms of Australopithecus
(C) Both gracile and robust forms of Australopithecus
(D) None of the above
Answer: (C)
28. The concept of cultural ecology was used in culture-historical studies by:
1. Julian Steward
2. Vayda and Rappaport
3. L. Henry Morgan
4. E.B. Tylor
Codes:
(A) 1 andü 2
(B) 2 andü 3
(C) 3 and 4
(D) 4 and 1
Answer: (A)
29. The cultural route of early colonization of Australia during Hoabinhian culture was:
(A) Thailand – Malaysia – Indonesia – Papua New Guinea
(B) Thailand – Indonesia – Malaysia – Papua New Guinea
(C) Malaysia – Indonesia – Thailand – Tasmania
(D) Malaysia – Thailand – Indonesia – Tunisia
Answer: (A)
30. The Sarai Nahar Rai site in the Ganga Valley reveals evidences of:
1. Human burial
2. Pottery
3. Copper Tools
4. Microliths
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) Only 3
(C) 1, 2 and 4
(D) All the above
Answer: (C)
31. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Human beings have a culture, but they belong to a society.
Reason (R): An interest in culture is prompted by a desire to discover the way people in a society comprehend the world around them.
On the basis of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Codes:
(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(B) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (C)
32. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Participant observation allows the ethnographer to unfold the complexities and subtleties of a community’s social life.
Reason (R): Based on participant observation, it would be possible to say to what extent the beliefs and values shared by a specific community are typical of the regional context.
On the basis of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Codes:
(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(B) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (A)
33. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Joking and avoidance are alternative ways of solving the social problem of conflict or social tension.
Reason (R): They occur in structural situations in which the potential for conflict or social awkwardness is high.
On the basis of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(C) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (A)
34. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The shift from tradition to modernity is based on a shift from status to contract at the societal level.
Reason (R): In a traditional society people enter into relations primarily on the basis of social status they are assigned by birth.
On the basis of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(C) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (A)
35. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): For a pastoral society it is easier to keep the integrated character of the group.
Reason (R): In such a society a line of descent through males is not that strong and that’s why, they could flock together.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(C) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Answer: (B)
36. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In a plural situation behaviour that might be illegal or immoral in one society might be perfectly rational and socially accepted in another.
Reason (R): Looking from the cultural context, all types of behaviour appear to be rational and socially acceptable in all situations.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong.
(C) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct.
(D) (A) and (R) are correct statements, but (R) is not the correct explanation.
Answer: (D)
37. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Kuru is observed among the members of the Fore tribe in New Guinea.
Reason (R): It is a disease of viral origin contributed by the Fore practice of cannibalism.
Codes:
(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
(D) (R) is correct, but (A) is incorrect.
Answer: (B)
38. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Gene flow introduces new alleles into populations.
Reason (R): Migration is responsible for the gene flow.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are false and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (R) is true, but (A) is false.
Answer: (A)
39. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The term ‘pedigree’ and not ‘geneology’ is more often employed in genetic inheritance studies.
Reason (R): ‘Geneology’ also includes adopted children and parents as well.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
(C) (R) is correct, but (A) is incorrect.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect
Answer: (A)
40. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The relative phylogenetic position of the human remains unearthed at different locales are gaining scientific footing.
Reason (R): The macro-level fossil evidences are now subjected to micro-level analysis of molecular genetic characters and isotopic chronology.
Codes:
(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
(C) (R) is correct, but (A) is incorrect.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
Answer: (D)
41. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Beta-thalassaemia is most common in the Mediterranian region.
Reason (R): It is not a disease of Haemoglobin disorder.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
(D) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct.
Answer: (C)
42. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): Anorexia nervosa is very common among girls.
Reason (R): An ideal of female attractiveness emphasizing on thinness is thought to provide cultural status leading to the development of anorexia (starving oneself to loose weight).www.netugc.com
Codes:
(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect.
(B) (R) is correct, but (A) is incorrect.
(C) Both (A) and (R) are incorrect.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
Answer: (D)
43. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The evidences of Homo erectus were recorded in different continents of the old world including Southeast Asian islands.
Reason (R): The bipedalism and use of hand axe as a multipurpose tool extended an adaptation to be a nomad on par with faunal migrations.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is correct.
Answer: (A)
44. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The ecological conditions of ‘Nuclear Areas’ are the prerequisite for the early domestication of plants and animals.
Reason (R): The flood-plains of rivers like Eupharatis and Tigris extended an ecology for the growth of gramenaceae species (grasses) which supported wild varities of sheep, goat and cattle.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is correct.
Answer: (A)
45. Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): A well flourished Harappan Culture between 3500 and 1750 BCE had a rise and fall.
Reason (R): The Aryan invasion is the root cause for the decline and perishing of a Great culture.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct.
(B) Both (A) and (R) are false.
(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is correct.
Answer: (C)
46. Arrange the following books in order in which they appeared. Use the codes given below:
I. Peasants by Eric Wolf
II. Social Anthropology by Edmund Leach
III. The Nuer by E.E. Evans- Pritchard
IV. Capital: A Critique of Political Economy by Karl Marx
Codes:
(A) I, IV, III, II
(B) IV, III, II, I
(C) IV, III, I, II
(D) III, IV, II, I
Answer: (C)
47. Identify the correct sequence:
(A) Monogamy – Group marriage – Polygamy – Sexual Promiscuity
(B) Sexual Promiscuity – Group marriage – Polygamy – Monogamy
(C) Polygamy – Monogamy – Sexual Promiscuity – Group marriage
(D) Group marriage – Sexual Promiscuity – Monogamy – Polygamy
Answer: (B)
48. Arrange the following Indian Anthropoligists in order in which they made their appearance in the academic field:
I. Nirmal Kumar Bose
II. Panchanan Mitra
III. Andre Beatille
IV. L.K. Mahapatra
Codes:
(A) I, II, III, IV
(B) II, I, IV, III
(C) I, II, IV, III
(D) II, I, III, IV
Answer: (B)
49. Arrange the following, in order of increasing scale of Outreach:
(A) Ethnomedicine – Home remedies – Ayurveda – Allopathy
(B) Home remedies – Ayurveda – Allopathy – Ethnomedicine
(C) Allopathy – Home remedies – Ayurveda – Ethnomedicine
(D) Home remedies – Ethnomedicine – Ayurveda – Allopathy
Answer: (D)
50. Identify the correct sequence in formulating a research design:
(A) Selection of problem – Selection of method – Selection of universe – Selection of sample
(B) Selection of method – Selection of problem – Selection of universe – Selection of sample
(C) Selection of problem – Selection of sample – Selection of universe – Selection of method
(D) Selection of universe – Selection of method – Selection of sample – Selection of problem
Answer: (A)
51. In notifying a tribe as ‘Scheduled Tribe’, which of the following, is one of the considerations?
(A) Shyness with the public at large
(B) Sex-ratio in the community
(C) Population size of the community
(D) Religion practiced by the community
Answer: (A)
52. Identify the correct sequence of Landmarks anterior-posteriorly in the mid-sagittal plane:
(A) Nasion – Bregma – Opisthocranion – Glabella
(B) Bregma – Nasion – Opisthocranion – Glabella
(C) Nasion – Glabella – Bregma – Opisthocranion
(D) Glabella – Nasion – Bregma – Opisthocranion
Answer: (C)
53. What is the sequence of information transfer in protein coding?
(A) mRNA → DNA → tRNA → Aminoacid → Protein
(B) DNA → tRNA → mRNA → Aminoacid → Protein
(C) DNA → tRNA → Aminoacid → mRNA → Protein
(D) DNA → mRNA → tRNA → Aminoacid → Protein
Answer: (D)
54. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of a polymerase chain reaction?
(A) Primer extension → Annealing of primers → Denaturation of DNA fragment
(B) Annealing of primers → Denaturation of DNA fragment → Primer extension
(C) Denaturation of DNA fragment → Primer extension → Annealing of primers
(D) Denaturation of DNA fragment → Annealing of primers → Primer extension
Answer: (D)
55. Identify the correct sequence of blood group systems in order of their discovery:
(A) Rh → ABO → MN → Ss
(B) Rh → MN → ABO → Ss
(C) ABO → MN → Rh → Ss
(D) MN → ABO → Ss → Rh
Answer: (C)
56. Identify the correct sequence of polymorphic genetic markers in the order of their use in population variation studies:
(A) Red cell antigens → Serum proteins → Red cell enzymes → DNA markers
(B) Red cell enzymes → Serum proteins → DNA markers → Red cell antigens
(C) Red cell antigens → DNA markers → Serum proteins → Red cell enzymes
(D) DNA markers → Serum proteins → Red cell enzymes → Red cell antigens
Answer: (A)
57. Identify the correct sequence of vertebrae in the human vertebral column from cephalic to caudal direction:
(A) Axis → Atlas → Thoracic → Cervical → Lumber → Sacrum → Coccyx
(B) Atlas → Axis → Cervical → Thoracic → Lumber → Sacrum → Coccyx
(C) Cervical → Atlas → Axis → Coccyx → Lumber → Thoracic → Sacrum
(D) Lumber → Sacrum → Axis → Atlas → Coccyx → Thoracic → Cervical
Answer: (B)
58. Arrange the sites in the culture – chronological order:
(A) Attirampakam – Nevasa – Patne – Bagov – Utnur
(B) Attirampakam – Utnur – Nevasa – Patne – Bagov
(C) Nevasa – Utnur – Patne – Bagov – Attirampakam
(D) Patne – Bagov – Nevasa – Attirampakam – Utnur
Answer: (A)
59. Arrange the European prehistoric cultural traditions in the correct sequence:
(A) Gravettian – Perigordian – Azilian – Maglemosian
(B) Azilian – Maglemosian – Perigordian – Gravettian
(C) Perigordian – Gravettian – Azilian – Maglemosian
(D) Maglemosian – Azilian – Perigordian – Gravettian
Answer: (C)
60. The Great Indian Civilization of the Harappan culture is known through:
(A) Town planning – Navigation – Trade– Inscriptions
(B) Ship building – Pyramidal structures – Sun God
(C) Granaries – Dock Yard – Inscriptions – Pottery
(D) Town planning – Trade – Seals – Terracottas
Answer: (D)
61. Match an item in List – I with an item in List – II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Marriage of a man to his mother’s brother’s daughter (i) Parallelcousin marriage
(b) Marriage of a man to his father’s brother’s daughter (ii) Crosscousin marriage
(c) Marriage of a man to his dead wife’s sister (iii) Sororate
(d) Marriage of a woman to her dead husband’s brother (iv) Levirate
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(B) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(C) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(D) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
Answer: (D)
62. Match an item in List – I with an item in List – II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Oscar Lewis (i) Village Kishangarhi
(b) Mckim Marriott (ii) Village Rampur
(c) A.C. Mayer (iii) Village Ramkheri
(d) F.G. Bailey (iv) Village Bisipara
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(B) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(C) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(D) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
Answer: (A)
63. Match an item in List – I with an item in List – II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Differential Evolution (i) Julian Steward
(b) Cultural Ecology (ii) Herbert Spencer
(c) Developmental Scheme (iii) Lewis Henry Morgan
(d) Social Darvinism
(iv) Charles Darwin
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(B) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
(C) (iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
(D) (iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
Answer: (C)
64. Match an item in List – I with an item in List – II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) ‘Races and Cultures of India’ (i) D.N. Majumdar
(b) ‘Society in India’ (ii) Andre Beatille
(c) Homo hierarchicus (iii) David Mandelbaum
(d) ‘Caste and other Inequalities’ (iv) Luis Dumont
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(B) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
(C) (ii) (i) (iii) (iv)
(D) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
Answer: (B)
65. Match an item in List – I with an item in List – II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Polyploidy (i) Traits expressed in only one sex that are controlled by genes on the autosomes
(b) Sexlimited trait (ii) Having extra set of chromosome
(c) Sexinfluenced trait (iii) Traits expressed more often in one sex that are controlled by genes on the sex chromosomes
(d) Sex-linked trait (iv) Traits expressed more often in one sex that are controlled by genes on the autosomes
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(B) (i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
(C) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(D) (ii) (i) (iv) (iii)
Answer: (D)
66. Match an item in List – I with an item in List – II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Transcription (i) Protein production
(b) Translation (ii) Triplet UUU
(c) Genetic material (iii) m-RNA production
(d) Genetic code (iv) DNA
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(B) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(C) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
(D) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
Answer: (A)
67. Match an item in List – I with an item in List – II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Taq polymerase (i) Red cell enzyme
(b) DNA fingerprinting (ii) Serum protein
(c) Haptoglobin (iii) Alec Jafferey
(d) G6PD (iv) Polymerasechain reaction
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(B) (iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
(C) (i) (iv) (ii) (iii)
(D) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
Answer: (A)
68. Match an item in List – I with an item in List – II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Autosomal recessive (i) Haemophilia
(b) Autosomal dominant (ii) Beard development
(c) Sex-linked (iii) Polydactyly
(d) Sex – limited (iv) Phenyl ketonuria
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
(B) (iv) (i) (iii) (ii)
(C) (i) (iv) (ii) (iii)
(D) (iii) (i) (ii) (iv)
Answer: (A)
69. Match an archaeological site in List – I with the cultural phase in List – II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Tilwara (i) Iron age
(b) Sanganakallu (ii) Mesolithic site
(c) Inamgaon (iii) Neolithic site
(d) Kosambi (iv) Chalcolithic site
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(B) (iii) (i) (ii) (iv)
(C) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(D) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii)
Answer: (C)
70. Match an item in List – I (tool form) with tool type in List – II. Use the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(a) Compound Tool (i) Chopper
(b) Core Tool (ii) Harpoon
(c) Bone Tool (iii) Burin
(d) Engraver (iv) Microliths
Codes:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(B) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
(C) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(D) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow, based on your understanding of the passage: (Q.Nos. 71-75)
The field of development anthropology has been around long enough to know, in general terms, what works and what does not when designing programs of planned change. It would be overstating the case to suggest that an anthropologically informed project that takes into consideration local cultural realities is bound to succeed. But it would not be unreasonable to hold that any project ignoring local cultures is very likely to shoot itself in the foot. It is, therefore, stunning to read about a development project initiated in the 1990s that so thoroughly avoided addressing the major issues of development anthropology. Applied anthropologist William Loker (2000) describes a $ 25 million project in Central Honduras designed (allegedly) to create sustainable development while at the same time protect the environment.
The El Cajon Watershed Renewable Natural Resource Program was designed to help very poor people who had been displaced a decade earlier by the construction of a large dam controlled and operated by the national electrical authority. Although the planning documents said all of the right things, the implementation was quite another story. First, because there was no anthropological input, the project administrators knew little about the local culture, attitudes, or local organizations. Project plans called for active participation by local people and close coordination with local non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Yet, owing to lack of interest, a lack of good information, or both, neither of these proposed goals was successfully carried out.
But perhaps even more damaging to this expensive, but potentially beneficial, project was the apparent lack of consideration for some basic issues of development. The dual objectives of the project – sustainable economic development for local people and protecting the environment – are often at odds with each other. The literature is filled with examples of how conflicts exist between economic development and protecting the environment yet program planners never addressed this issue or its implications for project activities. Instead of considering how environmental and development goals could be made compatible, administrators embarked on a tree-planting project without much of an idea as to how it might impact either the social or natural environment. After interviewing the forestry engineer responsible for carrying out the tree-planting project, it became clear to Loker that the most basic questions had not been answered. For example, what trees should be planted, by whom, and for what purpose? How should trees be integrated into the already existing agricultural system? On whose land should the trees be planted, and who owns them? That none of these questions had been answered prior to the start of the project indicated to Loker a shameful lack of thought about the project on the part of the administrators.
Answer: (D)
71. What should be the main concern of development anthropology?
(A) To know what works when designing planned change.
(B) To know what does not work when designing planned change.
(C) To know what works and what does not work when designing planned change.
(D) To design planned change.
Answer: (C)
72. An anthropologically informed project means:
(A) That anthropologists are also the executors of the project.
(B) That it seeks the views of anthropologists on the modalities of the project.
(C) That it takes into consideration local cultural realities.www.netugc.com
(D) That it ignores local cultures in favour of anthropologists’ personal opinion.
Answer: (C)
73. What did the El Cajon Watershed Renewable Natural Resource Program in Honduras want to achieve?
I. To create sustainable development.
II. To protect the environment.
III. To create sustainable development. and at the same time protect the environment.
IV. To help very poor people who had been displaced earlier.
Codes:
(A) I & II
(B) II & III
(C) I & III
(D) III & IV
Answer: (D)
74. Why did the Watershed Renewable Natural Resource Program fail?
(A) The local nongovernmental organizations were left out.
(B) Active participation of local people in the project was not sought.
(C) There was a general lack of interest on the part of all the stakeholders.
(D) The dual reasons of a lack of interest and a lack of good information about local cultural realities contributed to the failure of the program.
Answer: (D)
75. What were the lessons learnt from the project?
I. Potential areas of conflict between economic development and protecting the environment were never addressed.
II. There was not much of an idea about the social and natural environment.
III. The tree-planting project undertaken by the forestry engineer should have been vigorously pursued.
IV. The administrator should have taken more such initiatives from their side.
Codes:
(A) I and II
(B) II and III
(C) III and IV
(D) I and IV
Answer: (A)
0 Comments